Gender and Change.

Examine gender inequalities in culture, status, education, birth rates, health, employment, empowerment,life expectancy, family size, migration, legal rights and land tenure.

Watch the video above and make notes on Gender Inequality.

Please use this PowerPoint to make notes on Gender and Change.

This is an examine question so you should firstly make a list of assumptions that people hold regarding Gender and improving the lives of Women.  If you like an assumption in this case could a be myth.

Here are some Myths that you could challenge.

• Women are "charity cases" and need special help to enter the work place.
• Women do not have the same leadership potential of men.
• Educate women, and fertility rates will automatically drop.
• Women in the Muslim world socialized to expect second-class status.
• Gender inequality is only significant in LEDC.
• Women in the Muslim world place gender inequality among their societies' biggest problems.

Gender inequality assumptions and interrelationships.

This part of the syllabus asks you to examine the issue of Gender Inequality.

You could look at assumptions as myths or factoids.

Here are some that you can challenge.

1. Women need special help to be productive members of society in an equal footing with men.
2.  Educate women, and fertility rates will automatically drop.

3. Development helps women, rather than women help development.

4. Women in the Muslim world socialized to expect second-class status.

5. Gender issues are confined to LEDC's.

6. Women in the Muslim world place gender inequality among their societies' biggest problems?
7. Migration can help reduce poverty and its is mainly men that migrate. 
8. It is better to focus on men when trying to develop ICT in LEDCs.

Use this Presentation and respond to the above assumptions.  You should also try to explain how the gender inequality issues are linked with each other.  Simply improving one factor is not enough. 

You can also look at a few videos on this playlist. 

Gender and Change.

Examine gender inequalities in culture, status, education, birth rates, health, employment, empowerment,life expectancy, family size, migration, legal rights and land tenure.

Make on above video.  Your notes should show gender inequalities in the countries featured and how they are being addressed.

You can also make supplemental notes on China and Islamic countries using pages 50 to 55.

Team Islam please make notes using this PowerPoint, the material on Egypt is very interesting.

Next peer review essay.

Here is the next peer review essay.  The main example you are going to look at is Syria, the second example can be Afghanistan.


Evaluate the impact on the destination and origins of migration using examples of forced international migration (15 marks)


Details and help on the essay can be found on ISLE, this Blogg and this Google Doc.

Please remember the Command term and the mark scheme. 

Once you are done please submit the essay to the drop box for peer assessment.

Peer feedback guidelines.

Thanks Owen for these guidelines I can see you have put lots of hard work into this.  

We will use the guidelines for the next essay which you need to post by Wednesday 23 October.  I am out with the year 11 on fieldwork this week so please use the class time on Thursday 24 October to peer review the essay using the guidelines.

Marking Other Work:

4 good areas , one area for improvement (each grade criteria)

It is okay to give 2 good things and one improvement, as long as it adheres to the 4:1 ratio.

Bad comments:

“Very good essay” is not a good comment

Giving only negative comments is not a good way of giving feedback

Short and brief comments are not a way for them to improve

Good comments:

The sentence is relevant___________

This point is interesting because__________

I disagree with this point____________

I had never thought of_________

I was not aware of _________study

Skills for marking:

-        Read the intro and the conclusion first!

-        Reword the question using extended description of command terms

-        Vocab – highlight key terms used

-        PEEL – by looking at the first and last sentence of a paragraph , we can see what the paragraph is about “I knew what you were talking about via your first and last sentence” or  “the first and last sentence didn’t help me understand your paragraph because…….”

Examples of protocols from Peer Marking:

PEEL:

-         Topic sentences (from intro) etc demographic dividend

-        Linking the point with the question you are talking about

-        Evidence , statistics

-        Explanation to develop points

Reword Question:

-        general points that you will talk about

-        description of the command terms

-        Nitin’s: “assumption and interrelationships” has defined the question

-        look at the IB geography guide

Sentence structures:

-        “it is going to be very difficult just about impossible for China, now to correct” <- this is good because it gives a different view on optimum population not just decreasing population

Skills:

-        clearly states what Essay is about (in intro)

-        good summary in conclusion

-        the introduction gets the ball rolling

Vocabulary:

-        make a list of relevant command terms

-        highlight the command terms ( control f)

-        if the term is only found in one area , that is not good ,they need to be spread out

Tim’s Essay (marked by Hei Yin): 

   Skills: This essay will consider the concept of Chinas anti-natal policy in a way that uncovers assumptions & interrelationships.

   Command terms:

-        population momentum

-        demographic dividend

-        ageing population

Owen’s Essay (marked by Kristian)

4:1 Ratio: There is a good understanding of this situation, you have talked about the one child policy and an ageing population in depth. Social, environmental and economic impacts have been talked about well in the essay. You need to talk more in depth about the epidemiological transition and how it affects China.

Mexican Migration.

Mexican Migration.
 Please review these videos on Mexican Migration.

Just a reminder what the syllabus says.

Discuss the causes of migrations, both forced and
voluntary.
Evaluate internal (national) and internationalmigrations in terms of their geographic (socio‑economic,political and environmental) impacts at their origins anddestinations.

Why is there so much migration?

" More than one million farmers lost their livelihoods when the Mexican market was flooded with American agricultural products after the passage of NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement. Learn how NAFTA and other free trade policies have affected economic reality for millions of Mexicans and have compelled so many people to migrate to the US out of need for a job."
Source. Global Exchange. 

"Climate change has resulted in natural disasters, as well as greater environmental degradation in 
certain regions. As a result, many people have lost their homes and their means of production have 
deteriorated. Poverty could therefore increase and other zones less affected by climate change could 
become more attractive, thereby leading to migratory movements. "

Source. BBVA Research. 

 Video 1.

Stay: Migration and poverty in rural Mexico

Video 2.

Impacts on Rural Areas.

Video 3. Environmental Impacts.

Economic Benefits to the USA. 

Impacts on Mexico. 

From Geography All The Way. 

Impacts of Migration on Syria.

Audio recording software >>

Impacts of International Forced Migration, Syria.

IMPACTS OF SYRIAN CRISIS See Diggo List.

 – Bekka. ( Lebanon)

1.. Burden of Hosting:

The number of surveyed households in Bekaa hosting Syrian refugees is 195 houses which accounts to 66% of total sample. The average number of hosts per family stands at 81. Some 62% of the respondents who are hosting Syrian refugees indicated hosting more than 5 Syrian refugees per household. 21% reported hosting 5 refugees per household. 17% of respondents reported hosting less than five refugees per household.When asked whether the accommodated refugees are relatives to the head of household, merely 6 % of cases were positive whereas 94% of the respondents noted that hosts are not relatives. The average hosting duration is 4 months with 80% of the respondents noting that they have been hosting the Syrian refugees between 3 and 6 months, 7% have had Syrian refugees for one month and 9% have been hosting refugees for over 12 months (since early onset of the crisis).

2. Increased Costs.

- Increased prices of all consumption items as a result of the overall performance of the Lebanese economy; - Regional inflation of prices as a result of incoming cash from Arab countries to Syrian refugees (for political and humanitarian reasons); - Increased cost of transporting goods because of increased prices of fuel; - Closure of border which has deprived the Lebanese from goods and services that used to flow from Syria. This includes for example health care services, agricultural products, veterinary services, pesticides, seeds, fertilizers, and other agricultural goods and supplies, Livestock and forage, special medications for beekeeping, fuel for transportation and water pumping, and other consumer goods.

3. Decreased Incomes:

91% of the Bekaa respondents noted an income decline after the closure of the borders with Syria compared to 89% of North Lebanon respondents. Merely 7% of all respondents in Bekaa noted that they have found an alternative source of income, compared to 5% of North respondents. Of those who have found new jobs, those jobs were temporary for 75% of Bekaa respondents and 100% of North respondents. While the substitute source of income in Bekaa was the services sector (43% of respondents), agriculture (35% of respondents), and construction and industry (7% of respondents), the substitute source of income in the North was in agriculture (100% of respondents). The North result is affected by 2/3 of the sample being in Wadi Khaled that does not have a developed services or construction and industry sectors. Focus group discussions revealed some reasons for the decline in income, noted in Bekaa and North: - Increased competition between Syrian refugees and Lebanese laborers; Syrian refugees are charging half wages as compared to Lebanese laborers;

4. Worsening Economy.

- Worsening security situation and hence economic performance of communities close to the border; in Tripoli for example, it was noted that sales have decreased by more than 75% for some industries, specifically the furniture industry, a decrease described as “unprecedented” and “catastrophic” for the industry; - End of smuggling and border commerce which constituted the major source of income for communities like Wadi Khaled and Ersal; - Decreased access to agricultural lands and grazing fields next to Syrian borders; - Landmines on the borders which are becoming a threat to the cattle and the humans; - Decreased import/export traffic from/to/through Syria.

5.  Security.

6. Other Impacts:

Bekaa responden were asked to cite the compounding effect of the Syrian crisis where impact hits close to their homes, families and communities. The top three answers closely cited were: decreased income (81%), inflated prices (80%) and crowded job opportunities (79%). These were immediately followed by a decreased feeling of security with 71%.

North Lebanon respondents were more likely to cite the lost feeling of security (99%) followed closely by inflated food prices and crowded job opportunities (97% and 94% respectively). The security situation in Akkar and Tripoli, ranging from crossing of Syrian troops through the Lebanese boarders to Tebbeneh and Jabal-Mohsen conflict has exacerbated the feeling of insecurity among North residents and hence respondents.

• Decreased access to basic services (e.g. education, health, etc…)
• Decreased Access to cheaper goods 
• Decreased family income 
• Higher prices for goods and service
• Loss of feeling of security
• Higher use of already scarce natural resources
• Crowding existing job opportunities
• Strain on local health, education services

Full Report can be found here.

7. Impacts on Jordan

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Refugees in Business from Ban Barkawi on Vimeo.


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