Please review these videos on Mexican Migration.
Just a reminder what the syllabus says.
Discuss the causes of migrations, both forced and
voluntary.
Evaluate internal (national) and internationalmigrations in terms of their geographic (socio‑economic,political and environmental) impacts at their origins anddestinations.
Why is there so much migration?
" More than one million farmers lost their livelihoods when the Mexican market was flooded with American agricultural products after the passage of NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement. Learn how NAFTA and other free trade policies have affected economic reality for millions of Mexicans and have compelled so many people to migrate to the US out of need for a job."
Source. Global Exchange.
"Climate change has resulted in natural disasters, as well as greater environmental degradation in
certain regions. As a result, many people have lost their homes and their means of production have
deteriorated. Poverty could therefore increase and other zones less affected by climate change could
become more attractive, thereby leading to migratory movements. "
Source. BBVA Research.
Video 1.
Video 2.
Impacts on Rural Areas.
Video 3. Environmental Impacts.
Economic Benefits to the USA.
Impacts on Mexico.
From Geography All The Way.
External Migration---Mexico to USA
ReplyDeletePush Factors
The low income and the low yields that are being achieved in the area are forcing Mexicans to migrate to the USA for job opportunities and a better life.
The low agricultural yields have been perpetuated by climate change,lack of material, abandonment from the government, and the high altitude and dry conditions. In addition the North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) which has abolished custom duties between the two countries which has flooded Mexico with cheap agricultural goods that have been mass produced in the machine rich USA. This has completely demolished income for many farmers in Mexico. This has made the need for food critical for some which perpetuates and radicalizes migration.
Consequently mexico has lost much of their youthful population which has economic effects as well as social.
It has deprived culture from mexico, especially the small rural areas which are now in danger of becoming derelict.
USA response:
Since more than 60% of illegal immigrants are from Mexico, the USA has put in a huge budget for one of the largest networks of an artificial border. This however has been said to "only delay them 5 minutes"
Instead it has hindered many of the rich wildlife areas which it crosses. The simple fact that the animals cannot get through creates isolation within a species which effects it diversity. This can lead to shrinkings or even extinctions of species. The construction works and the subsequent damage also concerns conservation efforts,in particular around water ways.
It has also given Home land Security a huge amount of power to ignore conservation efforts.
Pull Factors
Delete- looking after their families
- CEDICAM persuades families to stay
- CEDICAM helps better their lives in Mexico, e.g. helping them get the education they need, help with better techniques of farming
- People from the US are helping pay to improve local villages, Help increase size of hospitals, renovating churches, building malls
- Projects are setup to help those in Mexico
Discuss the causes of migrations, both forced and
ReplyDeletevoluntary.
Push Factor
Mexican market was flooded with American agricultural products
North American Free Trade Agreement
Climate change-> natural disasters-> people lost their homes and their mean of production-> poverty
The rural of Mexico was abandoned by the government-> crop results are never good.
They don’t have enough resources for their farms.
There are no opportunitiy for the young people in rural of Mexico.
Land get more deteriorationg and depleted.
Lack of techniques and innovations to become more productive
Pull Factor
People migrate to the US for a job
Stories heard from others that it is easier to earn money in US
Family argee on it. (they are in US)
Believe a better opportunity in US
Better wages (He made 8,000 peso in US for 6 months which is impossible in Mexico)
Evaluate internal (national) and internationalmigrations in terms of their geographic (socio‑economic,political and environmental) impacts at their origins and destinations.
For US:
Socio- economic
96% of US foreign assiatance to Mexico went toward military and drug enforcement (heavy burden for US government)
Spend billion of dollars to build the border wall but only slow the illega immigrants for 5 min-> useless
Mexican immigrants contribute 4 percent of total U.S. GDP. Including second and third generation Mexicans, their contribution rises to 8 percent.
They contribute the most to the agricultural sector, construction, and accommodation and food services
Political
60% of unauthorized immigration to the US comes from Mexico. (safety problem, illegal immigrant)
Even the border wall was built, illegal immigrants can still go through it.
Environment
The construction of border wall distract the habitat and the endangered animal living there.
Destroyed the ecosystem.
Refugees live along the border, district for animal and environment.
For Mexico:
Socio-economic
Wife and children left behind.(family problems)
Parents need to out to the cities for job while only kids and grandparents stay. Generation gap exist.
Many young people leave to US, once they finish the secondary school.
60% of people leaving to US
People can’t earn many money in Mexico compare to US (US:$17-18, Mexico:$7-8)
Decrease in population
Political
Environment
Why is there so much migration?
Investing in rural areas of Mexico help reduce the pressure to migrate
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteMigration & Poverty:
ReplyDelete- Mexican countryside has been abandoned by the government, thus resulting in people to migrate to the US to find new jobs
- Fair Trade policies such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) have caused millions of farms in Mexico to lose their jobs
- Rural area in Mexico = Very poor
- Many Mexicans migrate to the US to escape poverty as well as to make more money
Impact on Rural Areas:
- More and more young people leaving to the US once after completing secondary school
- 60% of the inhabitants of the town leave to the US
- This would soon result in the population of the village to disappear
Environmental Impacts:
- Migration boarder wall polices has done serious harm to the ecosystem, affecting wildlife habitats
- The US boarder policy has ignored environmental laws which protect the biological land and habitats for the wildlife
- The boarder walls has not stopped immigration, but has instead caused problems which affect the areas of wildlife.
- These include concerns of cleaning vegetation and blockage of parts of the river which provides drinking water for the species living there